No Universal Definition of Human Rights Essay - 760 Words

In the minds of many people human rights are defined as a set of governmental Do’s and Don’ts that protect people from their governments in terms of the freedom of speech, assembly, etc. without infringement. Of course, most people would agree that these are fundamental rights and deserve to be upheld, however many feel that there are a set of universal human rights that can be used to secure the freedom of all people around the world. One such document, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights written by the United Nations, claims to be the â€Å"common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations†. While I agree with most of the points made in the declaration, I simply do not believe that the human race is homogenous enough for a†¦show more content†¦There really is not much interpersonal violence in Iran (in other words, apart from the governmental abuses) and the people there would consider the right to bear arms in a society full of murd er to be a human rights violation. I have learned (in my opinion) that there is no clear-cut way to approach human rights for everyone. The schism between different cultures will never allow for everyone to see eye-to-eye on every opinion, which is my main grievance with the Universal Declaration for Human Rights. The document is intended to cover all people regardless of their governments, but then directly contradicts itself in numerous articles. First of all, the United Nations is not a democratic organization itself; the concept of â€Å"equal and inalienable rights† coming from an organization in which some members have a higher precedent of voting seems fallacious. The article says that people are entitled to the rights listed regardless of â€Å"political†¦ national or social† origins, but many articles contradict this basis. Article 5-7 deals with freedom from cruel and unusual punishment along with justice before the eyes of the law, however that is not possible with every government. A fascist government will commit acts of cruel punishment through their political ideology. This goes back to my main gripe that you cannot say that these rights should beShow MoreRelatedHuman Rights And The International Context807 Words   |  4 PagesHuman rights and universality, two terms often considered synonymous with each other within the international system. Such broad conceptualisations however fail to consider the imbued assumptions that these terms carry with them. Redefining the limits of the term universal human rights Donnelly considers the several senses through which the universal, in human rights is better understood as consensus universality, rather than implied universality (2007, 281). Fundamentally such political constructsRead MoreThe United Nations Universal Human Rights Essay1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights stands as the current gold standard for every individual’s rights. Focusing on culture, one may see that cultural rights are not clearly defined and are oftentimes in conflict with other types of rights. In this paper, I will first discuss the United Nations’ use of ‘cultural’ in its universal human rights in relation to the concept of cultural re lativism. Then, using South African and American practices, such as virginity testing and discriminatoryRead MoreMorality Objectively Exists. But By Identifying Something1185 Words   |  5 Pagesidentifying something that all human beings carry with them, we can draw a clear line between what is right and what is wrong. All human beings are born with one common and simple desire, the desire to be loved. Love is the universal truth for all of humanity. Love stands as the clear line between what is right and what is wrong. If an individual or a culture is acting in a way that does not show love for themselves or others, then they are acting immorally. The simple definition of love stands to bolsterRead MoreA Review Of Moral Competence Leadership1683 Words   |  7 PagesA REVIEW OF MORAL COMPETENCE LEADERSHIP Introduction: Moral competence does not have a unique definition. However, in simple words moral competence is an ability that judges the thing is correct or wrong. Mental capacity, universal human principles golden rule, altruism and measured against are connected to moral competence. In following part, definitions and relatedness will be mentioned. 1. Mental capacity: Mental capacity refers to decisions made by patients, which have a moral and legal statusRead MoreWhat Are Human Rights? Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesThe rights you have simply because you are human Every single human being on this planet has rights (What Are Human Rights, n.d). These rights are given to us through birth, and the day I was asked, what my human rights were, I found myself speechless. I did not know how to answer the question, which at the time sounded so easy. I forgot about the question that had me so puzzled, and just brushed it off, ironically six month later I get an assignment on the United Nations Universal Declaration ofRead MoreThe Battle for Human Rights in Ethical and Global Politics1135 Words   |  4 Pages Human rights are a strong point of contention in the context of ethics and global politics. This is due to the vast diversity of perspectives that exist within the international world system – which makes it increasingly to difficult to define a truly global conception of human rights today. At the core of human rights perspectives is the suggestion that there should be a ‘basic’ notion of universal human rights. However, this is widely contested. In this essay I will critically interpret the notionRead MoreAre Human Rights Universal? Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe doctrine of human rights were created to protect every single human regardless of race, gender, sex, nationality, sexual orientation and other differences. It is based on human dignity and the belief that no one has the right to take this away from another human being. The doctrine states that every ‘man’ has inalienable rights of equality, but is this true? Are human rights universal? Whether human rights are universal has been debated for decades. There have been individuals and even countriesRead MoreUniversal Access For Affordable Health Care1426 Words   |  6 PagesWhether universal access to affordable health care is something every individual has a right to or something they must earn is definitely a controversial topic. While most agree that the current health care system in the United States is one that needs work, many continue to argue about the notion of universal access to health care and if it’s truly what’s best for a nation. In reality, access to affordable health care is a human right to all persons in the world, and is something that all shouldRead MoreA Critical Evaluation Of The Universal Nature Of Human Rights1329 Words   |  6 PagesA CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE UNIVERSAL NATURE OF HUMAN RIGHTS INTRODUCTION Human Rights are the rights, that are considered to be inalienable, inseparable and vested upon individual by virtue of being human. For example, the Oxford English Dictionary defined the universal nature of Human Rights as ‘a right which is believed to belong to every person’. The aim of this essay is to critically evaluate the universal and relative nature of human rights postulated by the eminent scholars, who haveRead MoreHuman Dignity in Relation to Universal Healthcare1814 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Dignity is complex there is no solid definition but similar words such as value and worth arise (ACU, 2014, 2.1.2) Many have different definition of what human dignity is these are two main categories of what human dignity means to people: Category 1 Some understandings of human dignity are based in the belief that it is something all humans already have, these are called â€Å"Attributed Dignity† (Weisstub and Dà ­az Pintos, 2008, p 27) - Because we are human, OR - Humans have special attributes

The Integrative Model Of Human Resource - 1604 Words

The integrative model of human resource SHRM includes elements of both the control-based and the resource-based SHRM. Desired outcome dictates the elements that will be employed. HR policies can employ elements of commitment, collaboration, traditional and paternal control as needed to support its business strategy. Commitment strategies seek and develop internal talents to meet skill needed. Employees are seen as business partners and competitive advantage agents. Traditional HR and collaborative HR strategies have elements of externally acquiring physical resource or skills. External recruiting in the case of traditional HR strategy and subcontracting and hiring of consultants as part of the collaborative strategy can be used to provide competitive advantages to firms. External talents while providing short term advantages can be a disadvantage in the long term due to cost and potential threat to the firm business. The paternalistic HR strategy provides rewards for employees who l earn and follow the company prescriptive directive for success. More firms’ business strategy can be better realized using the integrative model of HRM. Both employees and firms’ aspirations can be met if the right strategy is used. . HR professionals must be well trained to implement this strategy. Considering the issues raised in the commentaries and the text, how important do you think it is for HRM professionals to be aware of a critique of neo-liberal economic and social policies? HowShow MoreRelatedToward an Integrative Model of Strategic International Human Resource Management2780 Words   |  12 PagesNo, 4, 959-385. 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Katzell and Thompson developed in 1990 a comprehensive theoretical model of work attitudes, motivation, and performance based on a keyRead More(Noe Et Al. 2015) The Strategic Management Process Has1445 Words   |  6 Pageslinkage between HRM and strategic management process must be closely linked which is known as â€Å"Integrative Linkage†. Figure 3: Linkages of Strategic Planning and HRM Source: Adapted from Noe et al. 2015 In integrative linkage, mostly the HRM executive will be part of strategic planning. This is dynamic and continuous interaction instead of sequential. The HRM executive will be giving human resource capabilities to the strategic planner. As discussed earlier, Mobileum is currently following administrativeRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Hrm772 Words   |  4 Pagesthe models of HRM discussed in the first chapter of the textbook, and explain how each one relates to strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management (HRM) at its best seeks to manage people and resources to maximize economic and social outputs. Social output resulting from providing opportunity for advancement will ultimately make employees become true participants in the company. Bratton and Gold (2012) outline six HRM models, they are: the Forbrum, Tichy and Devanna model, the

Osmosis Free Essays

The purpose of this experiment was to test different solute concentrations on the rate of osmosis. Artificial cells were filled with different solute concentrations and placed in water and weighed at equal time intervals to show how the water moves across cell membranes and down its concentration gradient into the lower concentrated area. The weights of the cells were recorded each interval, and then the rate of osmosis was found by calculating the corrected cumulative change in weight. We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The prediction made was that the cells with the higher solute concentrations ould have a higher rate of osmosis and the cell filled with water and placed in 40% sucrose solution would have the highest negative weight change. Introduction The diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane is called osmosis. A selectively permeable membrane allows certain substances to cross it more easily than others (Reece, et al. 2011). Osmosis is an important process to cells because the cells are continuously trying to achieve concentration equilibrium. The tonicity of a solution is the ability to cause a cell to gain or lose water molecules (Reece, et al. 2011). If a cell is in an isotonic solution, the cell does not gain or lose any water molecules, causing the net gain of weight to be zero. If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, there is a higher solute concentration in the cell, making water molecules move into the cell to help reach equilibrium. This causes the cell to gain weight. If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, there is a higher solute concentration outside the cell, making water molecules leave the cell to attain equilibrium. This causes the cell to lose weight. Other factors, like the temperature, the particle size and the concentration gradient affect the rate of osmosis. An increased temperature can increase the rate of osmosis and osmotic pressure (Traxler 1928). Also, the particle size determines what can pass through the selectively permeable membrane; the channels imbedded in the membrane can only accommodate certain molecules based on size and function. Finally, the concentration gradient affects the rate of osmosis because the rate depends on how high the concentration of the solute is; the higher the concentration, the faster water moves to that concentrated area. Materials and Methods The materials needed for this experiment are: five strips of Spectra/Por 4 dialysis ubing with a pore size of 4. 8 angstroms, ten clamps, five beakers labeled 1 through 5, a graduated cylinder, and 20%, 40%, and 60% sucrose solutions. The experiment begins by softening up the dialysis tubes by soaking them in a beaker of water. When softened, rub the dialysis tubes between your fingers to reveal the opening and clamp the opposite end. Add 10 mL of the appropriate solution to each bag, squeezing the air out of the tube to make sure there are no air bubbles when clamping the other end of the tube. Three of these bags will be filled with 20%, 40% and 60% sucrose solutions. The other two will contain water. Weigh each bag on a appropriate solution, Just enough to cover the bag; four will have water and the fifth beaker will hold 40% sucrose. The bags containing 20%, 40% and 60% will be placed in water, as well as one bag filled with water; the bag of water in water will act as your control. The other bag of water will be placed in the beaker containing 40% sucrose solution. Place the five bags in their rightful beaker simultaneously and record the time. Every ten minutes the bags should be removed, blotted to get the excess solution off and then weighed. Continue weighing the bags every ten minutes or ninety minutes. To minimize experimental error, the temperature must be the same for all beakers and the bags must be blotted before weighed as much as possible to get the excess solution off. Also, the same amount of solution should be put into each beaker. Results The increase in the rate of osmosis is due to the different concentrations of sucrose, as shown in Figure One. This figure shows the weight change over time for the 20%, 40%, 60% and water in 40% sucrose solution. The results of the total weight change were: 20% sucrose in water= 5. 47 g 40% sucrose in water= 7. 31 g 60% sucrose in water= 7. 8 g Water in 40% sucrose= -4. 08 g The points plotted were used to calculate the rate of osmosis by finding the slope of the best fit line of each test. The results for the rates of osmosis were: 20% sucrose in water= . 0551 g/min 40% sucrose in water= . 0728 g/min 60% sucrose in water= . 0811 g/min water in 40% sucrose= -. 68 g/min The slopes have an increasing pattern as the sucrose concentration goes up. This means that the rate increases as the sucrose concentration increases. The corrected cumulative change in weight relates to the osmotic rate because it is divided by the time. The direction affects the rate because, if the direction of osmosis changes the rate becomes negative. Discussion The results show that the solute concentration of the soluti on affects the rate of osmosis because the larger the concentration gradient, the faster osmosis occurs. This makes sense because the farther the cell is from osmotic equilibrium, it will gain weight faster (McCutcheon 1926). This supported our prediction. The increase in osmotic rate because of an increase in solute concentration is because water moves from a solution of low solute concentration to a solution with high solute oncentration. This means water rushes into a solute of higher concentration faster than a low concentration. This is why the artificial cell with 60% sucrose solution had the highest corrected cumulative change in weight and the fastest osmotic rate. The artificial cell containing water in 40% sucrose solution had a negative osmotic rate because water was leaving the cell and osmosis was occurring in the opposite direction. In this experiment, only one bag of water was placed in 40% sucrose solution. In other experiments, adding two more bags of water and placing them in 0% and 60% sucrose solutions could be tested to see if the rate of osmosis is similar performed to show temperature is a factor in osmotic rates by having the same solute concentration in solutions and placing bags filled with water into them, each having a distinct temperature. References McCutcheon M, Lucke B. â€Å"The Kinetics of Osmotic Swelling in Living Cells†. Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. 1926. Reece JB, Urry LA, Cain ML, Wasserman SA, Minorsky PV, Jackson RB. Campbell Biology. Ninth ed. Pearson Education, Inc. 2011. Traxler RN. â€Å"The Effect of Temperature on Rate of Osmosis†. Journal of Physical Chemistry. 1928. 1 . This graph shows the corrected cumulative change in weight taken every ten minutes to study the rate of osmosis. . The data was collected by measuring the weight of each bag after 10 minutes and finding the difference in weight between the start of the experiment and each increment of time. 3. The graph shows that the higher in concentration of sucrose, the faster the rate of osmosis occurs meaning that concentration and rate of osmosis are directly related. Also, this graph displays the opposite happening when water was placed into sucrose, but is still directly related. How to cite Osmosis, Papers

New Girl and the Social Penetration Theory Essay Example For Students

New Girl and the Social Penetration Theory Essay New Girl and the Social Penetration Theory In a new sitcom called New Girl, Jess, an offbeat young woman, decides to moves in with three men that she has never met before after experiencing a bad breakup. Even though she does not know the group of men, she takes the chance to get to know them better through an interview to discuss her interests in becoming the new room mate. In this famous series, Jess, the three men, and Jess model best friend Cece come together in an unusual fashion and transcend from awkward strangers to great friends. This transition that the group experiences is best understood through a concept known as the social penetration theory. The social penetration theory proposes that, as relationships develop, interpersonal communication moves from relatively shallow, non-intimate levels to deeper, more intimate ones. The theory was formulated by psychologists Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor to provide an understanding of the closeness between individuals. The social penetration theory states that this process occurs primarily through self-disclosure and closeness evelops if the participants proceed in a gradual and orderly fashion from superficial to intimate levels of exchange as a function of both immediate and forecast outcomes. Altman and Taylor believe that only through opening ones self and becoming vulnerable to another person can a close relationship develop. This process, like mentioned before, must occur in sequential phases in order to guarantee success in a relationship according to Altman and Taylor. The first phase of this theory is the orientation stage where small talk occurs which follows common social normalities . The second is the exploratory affective stage where one starts to reveal oneself and expresses personal attitudes about moderate topics without disclosing a great deal of personal information. Next is the affective stage in which private and personal matters start to arise and opinions are more openly expressed. Lastly is the stable stage where the relationship now reaches a plateau in which some of the deepest personal thoughts, beliefs, and values are shared and each can predict the emotional reactions of the other person. Along with these phases, there re other contributors to this theory such as depth and breadth; the degree of intimacy and the range of areas in an individuals life that an individual chooses to share, costs and rewards ratio; negative and positive aspects of a relationship, and depenetration; the slow deterioration ofa relationship. Through this theory, predictions can be made about a relationship based on its development through these levels of self disclosure. Based on a sort of cost-reward model, this theory argues that for a relationship to develop, both parties must self disclose. However, Its ogic is not necessarily logical in that Altman and Taylor explain this theory in a linear model, which is not always the case. Because people are constantly changing, it can be argued that what is considered to be self-disclosure often depends on the attitudes of a relational partner. This indicates that self-disclosure and close relationships do not necessarily develop over time in a parallel, incremental, and continuous fashion. Relationships are also intertwined within a network of other social relationships which affect communication patterns exhibited by the partners. I nereTore, otner people may Innuence tne alrectlon 0T a relatlonsnlp. New Glrl Is a primary example of a relationship moving from non intimate to intimate through disclosure as this theory suggests, but it does so in a non linear and unorthodox manner when compared to Altmans and Taylors model. In New Girl the series starts off with Jess and the three men in the orientation phase as they conduct an interview to see if Jess fits the criteria needed to become the new room mate. They begin the interview by asking her simple questions, such as what her occupation was and if she ad any pets, to determine whether or not Jess would be a suitable addition to the apartment. .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd , .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .postImageUrl , .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd , .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd:hover , .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd:visited , .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd:active { border:0!important; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd:active , .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0fb14c79516bbb8746a7997cabd28ddd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Person Who Influenced My Life EssayBefore the men are able to reach the next phase, the exploratory affective stage, Jess goes straight to the affective stage by explaining to the men that she had just gone through a traumatic breakup, which she still wasnt completely over and in order to cope with the emotions she watches and plans on continuing watching dirty dancing several times a day. This outburst left the men feeling apprehensive in her moving in as this new information not only shocked them, but also made them feel ncomfortable due to her abnormal behavior in disclosing such personal details within such a brief time frame. However, when Jess explains that she is tired of living with her best friend and model, Cece, the guys decide that the cost of living with Jess may not be too great a price if they can reap the benefits of her model friends. By doing so the relationship between Jess and the three men eventually reaches the stable stage as Jess shares her personal problems with the guys and they in turn get her to date again so she can move on. In this new formed relationship there is a balance of depth and breadth as they become open with one another in a broad variety of topics. Due to this close knit and open relationship, depenetration does not take place and their friendship continues to flourish. Although skipping stages and inclosing a great deal of information at once is highly discouraged and often times risky when forming a relationship, it can also prove to be beneficial and successful when having the right kind of leverage. Due to Jess ability to openly disclose her houghts and feelings without any hesitation, she and the men build a strong bond with one another that doesnt have much chance of depleting given their expressive relationship. For this reason The gang demonstrates this theory perfectly by showing that a relationship can flourish through the ability of self disclosure, but it does not necessarily have to follow a linear fashion to be a successful one. Given this information, it is clear that Jess and the men can maintain their correspondence and friendship as long as they remain open and willing to disclose with one another.